Y1 - 2003/1/1. Intense muscle activity results in an oxygen debt, which is the amount of oxygen needed to compensate for ATP produced without oxygen during muscle contraction.
Webb RC(1). Smooth muscle contraction and relaxation. The triggers for smooth muscle contraction include hormones, neural stimulation by the ANS, and local factors. The muscle cells are the final common effectors in this system. The key end- effector of excessive airway narrowing is airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction; overcoming ASM contraction is therefore a prominent therapeutic strategy. cardiac muscle - striated in appearance - involuntary control - autorhythmic because of built in pacemaker. T1 - Smooth muscle contraction and relaxation. Step 10 (Relaxation) Muscle relaxation occurs, and the muscle returns passively to its resting length. AU - Webb, R Clinton. Author information: (1)Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA. Normally, contractions of smooth muscle, which follow activation of the ATPase properties of myosin by phosphorylation in the presence of calmodulin and Ca (Chapter 2), are terminated by withdrawal of the initiating stimulus followed by a fall in the free cytoplasmic Ca concentration, mediated by the physiological systems that usually maintain the cation at a low level. Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy. We investigated the relaxation mechanism of D3R in bovine ciliary smooth muscle (CM). Smooth muscle contraction and relaxation facilitates storing, mixing, and propulsion of content in a manner suitable to the needs of the organism. Smooth muscle contraction and relaxation facilitates storing, mixing, and propulsion of content in a manner suitable to the needs of the organism.
N2 - This brief review serves as a refresher on smooth muscle physiology for those educators who teach in medical and graduate courses of physiology. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. SUMMARY: Exciting advances in ASM biology have identified new therapeutic targets for the prevention or reversal of bronchoconstriction in asthma.
cwebb@mcg.edu This brief review serves as a refresher on smooth muscle physiology for those educators who teach in medical and graduate courses of physiology. PY - 2003/1/1.
Also, after activation of the receptors there is a long process in order to elicit an action potential, involving second messengers and activation of enzymes. Oxygen is required to restore ATP and creatine phosphate levels, convert lactic acid to pyruvic acid, and, in the liver, to convert lactic acid into glucose or glycogen. The smooth muscle contraction is much slower than in the striated muscle primarily due to the presence of G protein coupled ligand receptors instead of ion channel coupled ligand gated receptors present in striated muscle.
Smooth muscle is not under voluntary control; thus, it is called involuntary muscle. Without cross-bridge interactions, further sliding cannot take place, and the contraction ends. Abstract. D3R at a concentration of 10 −5 m produced a sustained and progressive relaxation during the contraction induced by endothelin (ET)-1 in the bovine CM specimens. You cannot consciously control smooth muscle contraction, and your brain releases hormones into your blood that control smooth muscle contraction. In certain locations, such as the walls of visceral organs, stretching the muscle can trigger its contraction (the stretch-relaxation response). Slowness of Onset of Contraction and Relaxation of the Total Smooth Muscle Tissue.
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